Body, especially roof for vehicles such as railway cars



w. B. DEAN 2,504,111 ESPECIALLY RooF FOR VEHICLES,

sucn As RAILWAY cARs 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 PIG i BODY April 18, 1950 FiledMarch 31 f. f I.. ATTORNEY Walr Dean.

April 18, 1950 w. B. DEAN 2,504,111

BODY, ESPECI Y R0 F F0 CLES,

ILWAY CARS Sheets-Sheet 2 "m1: iM. n ll i k, p giu' i rl April 18, 1950w. B. DEAN v sony, ESPECIALLY Rooi` Fon vmrcuss,

SUCH AS RAILWAY CARS 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed llarch 3l, 1945 unmlllllllINVENTOR Walter Dean.

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A TTORNE Y yApril 18, 1950 A w. B. DEAN v BODY, ESPECIALLY RooE FoRvEEIcLEs,

sucH As RAILWAY CARS 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed March 31, 1945 INVENTORATTORNEY Patented Apr. 18, 1950 BODY, ESPECIALLY ROOF FOR VEHICLES SUCHAS RAILWAY CARS Walter B. Dean, Narberth, Pa., assignor to The BuddCompany, Philadelphia, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania ApplicationMarch 31, 1945, Serial N0. 585,900

The invention relates to a railway car body structure and moreparticularly to the construction of a body roof and to the connectionbetween a roof sub-assembly unit and adjoining side and end wall units.1

Of course, the invention is not necessarily restricted to railway carbodies but may be applied to similar structures such as, for instance,bus or truck bodies.

Among the objects of the invention is a vehicle body composed ofsub-assembly units which can easily be assembled and then joinedtogether into a complete body structure, which lend themselves to themanufacture of sheet metal and in particular of high tensile materialsuch as cold-rolled stainless steel, the marginal portions of whichconstitute nal assembly joints imparting great strength to the .bodyespecially in regions likely to be severely stressed in case of heavyimpacts, and which give great supporting strength and durability to thebody while in ordinary use coupled with light weight and lowmanufacturing cost.

The aforesaid and other objects and advantages are mainly achieved by aroof unit and side wall units which overlap each other in a widecontinuous region and are joined together over the entire width of suchregion.

Another feature of the invention contributing to the achievement of theaforesaid and other objects, resides in a roof unit which extends acrossan end door opening and forms the connecting means with the upperportion of an end door post.

The applicationjs related to the simultaneously filed applications onBody side wall for Vehicles, especially railway cars, Serial No.585,899, the same inventor and on Reinforcing structure for vehiclebodies, especially for railway cars, of Raymond J. Theriault, Serial No.585,908, both of which are directed to features which in part are alsodisclosed in the present application so as to give a complete picture ofthe construction embodying the invention.

The above outlined and other objects, advantages and features of theinvention will be more easily and clearly understood from the embodimentillustrated in the attached drawing and described hereinafter.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a small-scale diagrammatic side elevation of a railway car;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary exploded view on a larger scale of the one sidewall and of the roof 19 Claims. (Cl. 105-397) 2 of the same car bodyon alarger scale, .certain parts of the outer paneling being omitted;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary plan view of the body, on the scale of Fig. 2,showing mainly the roof;

Fig. 4 is fragmentary section through the ad- `joining marginal portionsof the roof and one side wall substantially along line 4--4 of Fig. l,yet on a substantially larger scale than the preceding gures;

Fig. 5 is an exploded fragmentary sectional view of about the same partsshown in Fig. 4 prior to the nal assembly of the roof and the side wall,the location of the section being indicated byline 5-5 of Fig. 2 andline 4-4 of Fig. 1;

Figs. 6 and 7 are fragmentary sectional views through the connectionbetween the roof and side Wall taken respectively along lines 6-8 and1-1 of Figs. 2, 3 and 9;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary side elevation of the region surrounded bydot-and-dash line 8 in Fig. 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrows8-8 in Fig. 3 but on a larger scale and parts of the outer panelingomitted;

Fig. 9 is a sectional fragmentary inside elevation of the roof and sidewall connection, the section being taken substantially along line 9 9 ofFig. 3;

connection between the roof and wall taken along" line II-II of Fig. 8yet on a larger scale;

Fig. 12 is a vertical fragmentary section through one of the postsbetween two window openings taken substantially along lines I2-I2 ofFig. 13;

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary elevation of adjoining portions of the. roofand a. side wall in the region between two window openings on a smallerscale than Fig. l2; andv Fig. 14 is a fragmentary horizontal sectionthrough the post structure between two windows taken substantially alongline M-M of Figs. 1 and 2.

The body illustrated in the drawing comprises an underframe or oor unitU, two side wall units S, a roof unit R, two end wall units E, andseparate door post units P. Window openings W and a door and dooropening D at the vestibule end are provided in the sides of the body.

The underframe unit and its connection to the 'side wall units, whichare indicated only diagram- 3 B. Dean for Body for vehicles, especiallyrail cars, and Ser. No. 580,647, R. J. Theriault, for Body constructionespecially for rail cars, both nled March 2, 1945.

The root unit R comprises Z-section carlines I longitudinally spacedfrom each other and each havinganouterarm2andinnerarm3anda web 4 (Figs.5 and 11). The carlines are downwardly curved at the sides and havetheir ends telescoped between and their arms 2, 3 secured to the sidewalls 5 and I of longitudinal upwardly facing channel section chordmembers 1. The bottom walls 3 of the members 1 are arrangedsubstantially horizontally.

A wide elongated metal sheet 9 is secured on each side of the roof byits upper marginal portion to the arms 2 of the carlines and to the wall5 of the respective chord member 1 so that its main portion .projectsdownwardly beyond the member` 1. Another metal sheet III at each end ofthe roof is arranged between and secured to the last two carlines andthe lateral sheets 9 (Figs. 6, 8, 9 and 11). A further sheet Il on eachlongitudinal side of the roof is connected to the inboard margin ofthesheet I at the vestibule end, to the upper margins of the sheets 9 andtothe third and fourth carlines I (Figs. '1, 8 and 9). These sheets extendonly over the marginal side portions of the roof. Each sheet 9 has acut-out portion |2 at the vestibule end for the upper portion of thedoor opening D leaving a downwardly projecting portion I3 for theattach-- ment of the door post P (Figs. 2, 8 and 10).

A pair of longitudinal inverted hat section members I4 are secured onboth sides of the longitudinal middle line by their flanges to the arms2 of the carlines (Figs. 3 and 4).

A hat section molding I5 is secured to the lower margin of each sheet 9.These moldings extend from the non-vestibule end of the roof to theinboard margin of the cutout I2. A drip channel I5 is welded to eachsheet 9 above the cut-out I2 and extends from about the vestibule end ofthe roof to a point on the inboard side of the cut-out |2. 'I'he entireoutside of the roof unit between the hat sections I4, I4 and I4, I5 andbetween the sections |4 and the drip channel It is covered withlongitudinally corrugated sheathing I1 which is welded to the arms 2 ofthe carlines I, to the sheets 9, Ili'and and to the adjoining :Ganges ofthe sections I4 and I5 as well as the attachment arm of the drip channelI6. The connection of the different members of the roof unit to theadjoining units will be described later on. See Figs. 4 to 6.

As customary, braces I1' are secured'to the carlines for supporting anintermediate ceiling; these .braces and the panels and members attachedthereto are not further illustrated and described because they may be ofconventional construction. The ceiling supports I1' and the membersattached thereto may constitute parts of the roof sub-assembly unit orthey may be connected with the roof after the nal assembly of P and withsheets 9 and Il (Figs. 10 and 11).

Each side wail unit S comprises a plurality of vertical posts I9, 29,2|, 22.and 23 which extend from the lower margin of each unituninterruptedly to the upper margin thereof, and an inverted walls 25and 25 and a bottom wall 21. The posts 2| between the window openings Wconstitute inwardly facing channel sections with a bottom wall 23, sidewalls 23 and marginal flanges 3l (Figs. 5 and 14). The posts I9 and 23at the two endsof the units S are in the form of outwardly facingchannels having a bottom wall 3|, side walls 32, and marginafiianges 33;the ilange 33 on the outboard side is supplemented by an inwardlydirected narrow ange 34. The posts 2l and 22 are in the form ofZ-section members which overlap each other by the margins of one oftheir arms and constitute together with the end posts I9 and 23,respectively, wide shear panels (Figs. 2 and 8 to 10).

The shear panel construction which extends also beneath the end windowopenings forms the subject matter of the simultaneously iiledapplication of the same inventor on Body side wall foryehicles,especially railway cars, mentioned hereinbefore.

'Ihe posts 20, 2| and 22 are interconnected along the upper margins ofthe window openings W by inverted channel section chord members 35 whichare spaced from the upper marginal chord member 24 and have side walls35, 31 and a bottom wall 38. The ends of adjacent chord members 35 areinterconnected by short hat sections 39 which have a bottom wall 40secured to the bottom wall 28 of the respective post whereas its flanges4| are connected by covering .plate or band 42 to the flanges 3l of theposts 2| and to the inner surfaces of the posts I9, 20 and 22. 'I'heplate 42 extends preferably over the entire length of each side wallunit and has its lower margin connected to the inner wall 31 of themembers 35. See Figs. 2, 4, 5 and 12.

Between the posts, the chord members 24 and 35 are interconnected atcertain distances by short hat section braces 43. The bottom wall 44 onthe outside and the ilanges 45 on the inside of the braces 43 areconnected at the ends to the walls 25, 25 of the chord member 24 and tothe plate 42 on the members 35 (Fig. 2).

Window frame members 45 of Z-section are inserted between the chordmembers 35 and similar chord members 41 along the lower margins of thewindow openings and have their arms 49 secured to the walls 35, 31 ofthe members 35 and their webs to the members 41 (Figs. 2, 13 and 14).The members 45 permit the adaptation of a standard side wallconstruction to any desired window size which is smaller than thedistance between adjacent posts.

The outside of the side walls below the chord members 35, that is, fromthe upper margins of the window openings downwardly is covered incustomary fashion, by panels 49 and panel strips 5I.

The braces 43, members 45 and panels 49 are omitted from Figs. 4 and 5so as to expose the post 2|.

The end posts P comprise an outwardly facing channel member 5| having abottom wall 52, an outboard side wall 53 provided with a lonigtudinallyand then inwardly extending angle section ilange 54, 55, with an inboardsidewall 55 continued by an outboard facing channel section ilange 51having an outer wall or ilange 53. The mouth of member 5| is closed by acover plate 59 which is secured to the anges 54 and 53 and the doormargin of which is covered by a molding III. See Figs. 2, 8, 9 and 10.The post P is fastened in any appropriate, not shown, manchannel sectiontop chord member 24 having side 75 ner to the imderframe unit U.

After the sub-assembling ci the roof unit R.'

certain details of which will be described later on, and of the sidewall and post units S and P, this roof unit and the two other units areconnected with each other after, simultaneously with or before theconnection of the last-named units with the nderframe unit and/or theend wall units, respectively.

The connection between the roof unit and the side wall units is clearlyshown in Figs. 4 and '1. The bottom walls l, 21 of the roof chord member1 and of the upper side wall chord member 24 are brought in back-to-backrelation and then 'connected with each other, preferably by spotwelding. The panel 9 of the roof overlaps the outer walls 23, theflanges 33 and the outer arms, respectively, of the posts I3 to 23, andthe outer walls 25, 36 of the chord members 24, 35, 33, and it issecured in all regions of overlap to the side wall unit by a pluralityof spot welds such as indicated by asterisks inthe views, Figs. 9 and13, and black dots in the sections (Figs. 4, "l, 10 andl l2) of thedrawing.

At the opening for the vestibule door D, the downwardly depending endportion I3 of the panel 3 is connected in nal assembly to the flanges 54and 58 of the end post.

The panels 6I of the end walls E overlap and are secured to the webs 4of the end carlines l and to the outboard walls 32, 53 of the postmembers i9, 5l, respectively. The end collision posts 32 of the end wallhave their upper ends secured to the outwardly projecting ends of themembers I4 of the roof structure. Each end wall unit E is reinforced byan inverted channel section beam 63 having `its bottom wall 64-horizontally arranged and its outboard side wall 65 secured to the endwall panel 6l and the collision posts 62. Both side walls 65 and 66 arestiiened by marginal inturned flanges 61. See Figs. 6 and 8 to ll.

After the units have been connected with each other in the indicatedmanner, the connections and the body as a whole are further reinforcedby a number of additional structures which will now be described. Yet,it should be understood that certain or even most of the furtherreinforcements may be pre-assembled with one or the other of theadjoining sub-assembly units.

An elongated sheet metal strip 66 is placed across the inner walls 6 and26 of \the chord members 1 and 24 and is secured to these walls as wellas to the adjacent inner arms, iianges or walls 3, 30, 45, 3l of thecarlines I, posts I9, 20, 2|, 22, 23 and braces 43, respectively. SeeFigs. 4 and 5. This member 6B may extend to the end post P, but in theillustrated construction it ends in the region indicated by the numeral69 in Fig. 9. From the region 69 to the post P.the member 68 iscontinued by three members 10, 1I and 12 and by an angle section strip13 having a downwardly depending iiange 14 and an inwardly extendingflange 15 (Figs. 6, '1, 9 and 10).

The member 12 ends with the inboard door post 23, whereas the members1li, 1| and 13 extend across the door opening. The member 68 is securedin overlapping relation to the inboard ends of members 10, 1i, 12 in theregion 69, if advisable partly by means of one or more splicing plates.The member has a cut-out 16 and a downward extension 11 at the endsimilar to the cut-out l2 and extension I3 of the outer depending roofsheet 9. 'I'he downwardly directed extension 11 overlaps and is securedto the bottom wall 52 of the end post P so that the latter is tiedhereby and the extension I3 on the wall S across said openings.

and U-section members or pans 13. `These pans 13 are connected with eachother by their upstanding side arms or walls and constitute areinforcing shear panel. This shear panel, which forms the subjectmatter of the before-mentioned simultaneously flled application of R. J.Theriault, Reinforcing structure for vehicle bodies, especially' forrailway cars, strengthen the car body where it isv weakened by the dooropenings D and transmit stresses from the end wall F with its collisionposts 62 into the roofR and side See Figs. 6, 9, l0 and 1l. i

Further reinforcement of the side walls in the region of its connectionto the roof is achieved by the baggage rack 30 (Figs. 4 and 5) whichcomprises brackets 8| attached to the side walls 29 of the posts 2l, apanel 32 structurally connected to the brackets and to the posts by theintermediary of the member 68, and a longitudinal U-section 33interconnecting the inner ends of the brackets 8|.

The entire illustrated and described structure consists preferably ofhigh-tensile sheet metal such as cold-rolled stainless steel and thedierent members are connected with each other in sub-assembly and iinalassembly preferably substantially throughout by electric spot or seamwelding. It will be noted that the members entering into theconstruction lend themselves to the fabrication of strip material andthat the structure lends itself for the convenient application of thewelds.

The invention is, of course, not'restricted to the specific details ofthe illustrated and described embodiment but its principles may beapplied to modiiled structures. As an example, it is pointed out thatthe wide overlapping connection between roof unit and sidewall unitsmight be achieved by providing a wide panel on the side wall unitextending upwardly beyond the uppermost side wall chord member andoverlapping two spaced chord members of a roof unit.

All modifications and adaptations of the invention as well as suchfeatures thereof which might be used separately from other features areintended to be covered by the spirit and language of the attachedclaims.

What is claimed is:

l. In a vehicle body: independently subassembled side wall units and anindependently sub-assembled roof unit, the latter curved downwardlyalong its longitudinal sides, window openings in said side Wall unitsand a longitudinal chord structure along the upper margins of saidopenings, side wall posts projecting upwardly beyond said chordstructure of the respective side wall unit, said roof unit having alongeach longitudinal side a downwardly extending longitudinally continuouspanel which overlaps and is connected to said chord structure andthereabove to the posts of the respective side wall.

2. In a vehicle bodv: an independently subassembled side wall unit andan independently sub-assembled roof unit which .is curved downwardlyalong its longitudinal sides so as to merge into the adjoining portionof the side wall unit, a pair of longitudinal chords forming part ofsaid longitudinally continuous panel which bridges' the space between.overlapsand is connected to said chords of the side wall unit.

3. A railway car body provided with a side door opening adjacent one ofits ends and comprising: a side wall unit terminated by the inboardmargin of said door opening. a separate door post on the outboard sideof the door opening, an underframe and a roof unit extending across thedoor opening and secured to the upper `margin of the side wall unit andthe upper end of the door post, said side wall unit and said post beingfurthermoreintegrally connected with each other at the bottom by theunderframe.

4. In a vehicle body such as for railway cars provided with a dooropening adjacent one of its ends in the side wall thereof, said bodycomprising: a side wall unit enclosing a plurality of window openingsand terminated by the inboard margin of said door opening, a separatedoor post on the outboard side of the door opening, and a roof unitextending across the door opening and secured to the upper margin of theside wall unit and the upper end of the door post, said roof unitextending at least on one side of said door opening downwardly beyondthe level of the upper margin of the door opening.

5. Roof unit for vehicle bodies, such as for railway cars, comprising:longitudinal chord members along its lateral margins adapted for theconnection with the upper margins of adjoining side wall units,transverse carlines having their ends secured to said chord members, aroof sheathing'extending substantially over the length and width of theroof and connected to said chord members and carlines, verticallywideand longitudinally continuous extensions of said roof sheathingprojecting for a considerable distance downwardly beyond said chordmembers and presenting final assembly means for overlapping securementtothe upper marginal outside portions of adjoining side wall units andsimultaneously outer sheathing for the side walls upon their connectionwith the roof unit.

6. Vehicle body, such as for railway cars, comprising: a roof and a sidewall and a longitudinal chord structure in the region where the lateralmargin of the roof merges into the upper margin of the adjoining sidewall, transverse carlnes having their ends secured to said chordstructure, a .roof sheathing extending substantially over the length andwidth of the roof and connected to said chord structure and carlines, acontinuation of said roof sheathing extending for a considerabledistance Vdownwardly beyond said chord structure and overlappinglysecured to the upper marginal outside portion of the adjoining sidewall, and a reinforcing sheet underlying said roof sheathing in theregions above and below said chord structure.

7. Roof for vehicle bodies, such as for railway cars, comprising:longitudinal chord members along its lateral margins adapted for theconnection with the upper margins of adjoining side wall units,transverse carlines secured by their ends to said chord members. alongitudinally corrugated roof sheathing extending substantially overthe length and width of the roof and connected to said carlines,continuations of said roof sheathing extending for a considerabledistance downwardly beyond said chord members and without interruptionover a large part of the length of the body, a substantially plane panelunderlying and secured to the continuations of the roof sheathing onboth sides thereof and also secured to said chord members, saidsheathing and panels being adapted for overlapping securement to theupper marginal outside portions of adjoining side wall units and toconstitute a reinforcement for and part of the connection of the roofunit with adjoining side 'wall units.

8. In a vehicle body comprising a pre-assembled side wall unit. apre-assembled roof unit and a chord member provided along the meetingmargins of said units. said chord member constituting part of the ilnalassembly connection of the units with one another, at least one of saidunits having one chord structure vertically spaced from said meetingmargins and the other one of said umts having a longitudinallycontinuous skirt or panel projecting beyond the location of saidfirst-named chord member and being of such great width as to overlap andbeing connected not only to said first-named chord member but also tothe adjacent marginal portion and said second-named chord member of theadjoining unit.

9. In a vehicle body comprising a pre-assembled side wall unit and apre-assembled roof unit each provided along their meeting margins with achord member, the adjoining chord members constituting part of the finalassembly connection between the units, at least one of said units havinga second chord structure spaced from its respective chord member in thedirection toward the other margin of the unit, and the other unit havinga skirt or panel of considerable length and width projecting beyond itsrespective chord member and bridging the space between, overlapping andbeing connected to the adjacent chord member and the chord structure ofthe said one unit.

10. In a vehicle body according to' claim 8 having said panel or skirtarranged on one side of said units and a reinforcing band extendingacross said chord members and secured to the marginal portions of bothunits on the opposite side thereof.

11. In a vehicle body comprising separately assembled side wall unitsand a roof unit. said roof unit being provided with longitudinallyextending chord members along its margins as part of tlnal assemblymeans with said side wall units, said side wall units having posts withwide webs or flanges on the outside, the upper portion of sad side wallunit being free of outer sheathing, a longitudinally continuous skirtportion connected with and projecting downwardly beyond each marginalchord member of the roof unit. said skirt portions overlapping theoutsides of and beng secured tosaid webs or flanges by means distributedover the width and length thereof and extending across the space betweensuccessive posts.

12. In a vehicle body comprising separately sub-assembled side wall androof units'provided along their meeting margin with final assembly meansbetween the units, said side wall unit ending at one margin oi' a sidedoor opening whereas the other margin of the door opening is formed byanother separate unit, said roof unit extend- 'ingr uninterruptedlyacross the door opening and interconnecting the upper ends of the sidewall unit and of said other separate unit. a longitudinally extendingweb overlapping the connection between and being secured to the roofunit and the side wall unit and extending also across the door openingand being connected to the upper end of said other unit.

13. In a vehicle body comprising separately sub-assembled side wall androof units, said side wall unit and roof unit being provided along theirmeeting margins with nal assembly means between the units, said sideWall unit ending at one margin of a side door opening whereas the othermargin of the door opening is formed by a separate post, said roof unitextending uninterruptedly across the door opening and interconnectingthe upper ends of the side wall unit and of said separate' post, alongitudinally extending vertical web overlapping the connection betweensaid units and being secured to the roof unit and the side wall unit andextending also across the door opening and being connected to the upperend of said post, the lower marginal portion of said web having acut-out in the region of the door opening so that on both sides of thedoor openings it is of greater width than at the door opening for theconnection of said roof unit with the side wall unit and said separatepost.

14. In a vehicle body comprising a side wall and a roof, said side walland roof merging into each other and being provided respectively withvertical posts and .transverse carlnes, an elongated longitudinallyextending panel overlapping the meeting end portions of said posts andcarlines over substantially the entire length of the body, a furtherpanel extending between and secured to adjacent carlines at at least oneend of the body, said further panel adjoining said elongated panel andextending upwardly therebeyond, said dinally wide structure having itsends structurally connected over large areas to the chord panels beingadapted for the transmission of stresses from the end of the car intothe longitudinal regions of the side wall and roof.

15. `In a vehicle body comprising side walls and a roof merging intoeach other and provided respectively with vertical posts and transversecarlines, an elongated longitudinally arranged panel overlapping on eachside of the body the meeting end portions of said posts and carlinesover a large part of the length of the body, a further panel of lesslongitudinal extent bridging the space between and secured to adjacentcarlines, said further panel extending across the width of the body andadjoining said elongated panels, said panels being adapted for thetransmission of stresses.

16. In a vehicle body according to claim 15, a pair of additionalpanels, one on each side, adjoining the respective longitudinal paneland said further panel but extending only over marginal portions of theroof, said additional panels extending between and being secured to atleast one pair of carlines.

17. Side wall for railway cars and similar vehicle bodies comprising aplurality of vertically spaced longitudinal chord structures andlongitudinally spaced vertical posts, said posts presenting each atransversely shallow and longitustructures so as to render theconnection resistant against torsion and bending in the plane of theside wall, the space between said posts and their width correspondingrespectively to the maximum desired width of window openings and to theminimum width of wall space between consecutive window openings, andadditional braces inserted between upper and lower chord structuresdening the horizontal margins of window openings and being arranged atthe sides of the posts so as to form the side margins of window openingsof a size smaller than the maximum size compatible with the spacebetween consecutive posts, whereby a standard side wall is adaptable fordifferent window and post widths.

18. In a vehicle body such as for railway cars, a roof unit and a sidewall unit provided with final assembly means along their meetingmargins, said side Wall unit having a plurality of window openingsseparated by posts and extending upwardly a considerable distance beyondthe upper margins of the window openings, a longitudinally continuousbaggage rack arranged in the space between the upper margins of thewindow openings'and the upper margin of the side wall unit having alongitudinally continuous top panel at least adjacent its side adjoiningthe side wall unit, said panel forming an extension of a panel stripoverlapping the joint and constituting part of the iinal assembly meansbetween the roof and the side wall units so that the baggage rackadditionally reinforces the connection between the units.

19. Vehicle body, such as for railway cars, comprising: a roof and aside wall and a longitudinal chord structure in the region where thelateral margin of the roof merges into the upper margin of the adjoiningside wall, transverse carlines having their ends secured to said chordstructure, a roof sheathing extending substantially over the length andwidth of the roof Vand connected to said chord structure and carlines, acontinuation of said roof sheathing extending for a considerabledistance downwardly beyond said chord structure and overlappinglysecured to the upper marginal outside portion of the adjoining sidewall.

WALTER B. DEAN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 4 Date

